Ark of the Anthropocene
Ark of the Anthropocene
The Ark of the Anthropocene is a 4,000-pound, 7-foot diameter biosphere sculpture launched in Lake Superior in September 2014. Created by artist Sean Connaughty, it’s a self-contained ecosystem constructed from steel and reinforced concrete. Powered by solar energy, the Ark includes lights and a camera that livestreams its progress.
Designed for longevity, the Ark’s weight distribution ensures buoyancy and prevents air loss. Its orb-shaped entrance is located at the bottom. Inside, a sealed data capsule holds a carefully curated collection of artifacts and information representing our era. Landscape designer Ryan Seibold curated the capsule’s contents, which include genetic materials, physical objects, and data.
With essential engineering support from Joel Edward Sisson and funding from the Duluth Art Institute, the Weisman Art Museum, the Minnesota State Arts Board, and a successful community Kickstarter campaign, the Ark became a reality and was launched into Duluth Harbor at Lake Superior in 2014.
Above: Sean working in the ark. A gantry system built by Dillon, suspended the ark armature, w
Above: Ryan Siebold was the curator of the data capsule that is contained within the ark. more info below.
Above: Rocket Crane company was essential to the lifting and transporting the ark from Sean and Melissa’s home to the Weisman museum and up to Lake Superior in Duluth, Minnesota USA.
Above: Dan with Joel Edward Sisson. Joel was the project manager and was central in the design and execution of the ark.
Above: Prove Gallery and especially Kathleen Roberts hosted Sean Connaughty for a contemporaneous exhibition to the one at Duluth Art Institute in September 2014. The exhibition featured biosphere floats and prototypes, video etc.,
Above: The ark was a featured part of Sean Connaughty’s 2014 solo exhibition at the Duluth Art Institute curated by DAI director Annie Dugan, Annie worked alongside the artist to work out the many logistics involved in creating the exhibition and to launch the sculpture in the international waters of Lake Superior. The Duluth Art Institute exhibition and the creation of the ark itself was made possible through support and funding from the MSAB, Weisman Art Museum, Community donations, including a significant discount from Rocket Crane for Crane and trucking services.
Above: Michael Boyd is the glass artist who made the window for the ark. He also made glass structures used in several of Sean’s biosphere projects. Michael hand crafted these at FOCI.
Above: Ryan, Joel, Sean and Alec MacDougal and his kids mudding the ark.
Above: This is a photo of the planting of the ark in the early stages.
Above: George Brown piloted the boat
Above: Abby and Scott Puhl. Scott was the consultant and lead on small electronics used in the ark. This includes the solar panels, light sensors, remote cameras, LED lights, etc.
Above: Prove Gallery, Duluth MN September 2014
The Data Capsule
Above: The data capsule is a spheroid container that resides within the ark. It is built from the same materials as the Ark. It hermetically seals four violet glass bowls, surrounded by fine local sand, and is topped with a clear glass lens. Solar powered LED light strips line the exterior of the capsule.
Above: left to right - biofacts and artifacts
the four violet glass bowls inside the capsule contain data and artifacts, biofacts (genetic material) and a selection of cultivated and wild seeds.
Above: left to right, cultivated seeds and wild seeds.
Above: selected items left to right- bison fur, unborn queen bee in casing, donated human hair samples and selected animal fur and feathers.
Above: details left to right, Omaha Pumpkin, Teosinte, and heirloom tobacco seeds these items were amongst the items placed in the Ark of the Anthropocene’s data capsule.
Above: selected items left to right- meteorite, bear’s tooth, volcanic ash, and selected sands.
About the data, a statement from Ryan Seibold, 2016:
My involvement with the Ark began when I proposed to Sean that he store seed inside his work as an act of preservation for the future. We met later on this idea and it was decided that I would be the curator of the data. Later at home I looked up the word data and found that information and knowledge are derived from data. Data is symbol. When we are lost, we use data to find our way home. And when we have questions, we look to the data. Using data, we can discern where we should grow the best coffee using latitude and elevation. My research began with a question first about what species, especially food crops, would be most adaptable to our lands, knowing the impossibility of knowing how our future landscapes will manifest. What food plant species have stood the test of time? My query tied together a few strands of my evolving knowledge of plants: a great concern for our future ecology and species loss, and ethnobotany. This thread of an idea led me to the Hiller seed collection held at the Science Museum of Minnesota. Wesley Hiller was a dentist in Minneapolis who was also an avid anthropologist. He persistently collected seed focusing on ancient and indigenous plants. The collection includes species such as corn, beans, squash, rice, pumpkin, watermelon, tomatoes, cotton, tobacco and sunflowers, mainly from the Upper Midwest, Plains, and Southwestern regions of the United States. I went to see the seed and learned more regarding the history of the collection. A conversation with Scott Shoemaker, the ethnobotanist at the museum, directed me more fully to a specific collection that originated in North Dakota around the Upper Missouri River. Following a letter to his brother, a man named Oscar Will set out to North Dakota to help his brother’s friend, and military comrade, out with a nursery business. An act had just been established to allow farmers an additional 160 acres of land if trees were planted. After a few years Oscar succeeded in taking over the business and soon had an interest in supplying seed to local farmers and gardeners. Farmers at the time were struggling with the climate and environmental conditions, and Will looked to the Native Americans farming in the area from the Fort Berthold Reservation: the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara. Growth of Will’s seed company began to take off when he acquired corn. Will admired the Native American agriculturist deeply. In one of the catalogues he is quoted: “Few people realize that North Dakota has been an agricultural state for at least two hundred years. For at least that long Mandan Indians have grown these varieties of hardy vegetables, carefully selecting their seed for both earliness and drought resistance, and exercising great care to keep their several varieties of corn separate.” (from Snapshot of Agricultural History, Lisa Burke). This research and a further direction to read a book called Enduring Seeds, written by Gary Paul Nabhan, connected me to the wild frontier of seeds and their conservation. In this context I began to understand our food’s long history of selective breeding… and sadly, to where we are today. Previous agriculturists understood the value of wildness. For instance, many indigenous farmers planted teosinte, corn’s ancestor, near or along the borders of their cornfields. Adding wild strains into the mix likely added to the genetic diversity of the whole system. In my mind this is akin to passing down stories through generations. In either case information is transmitted.
The Data.
Our data includes the wild so that we may tell the story from the remotest angle within the ark. There are four glass bowls inside the orb containing cultivated seed, wild seed, artifacts, and biofacts. Nine specimens in each bowl represent nine planets of our solar system, including Pluto. The glass bowls are made by Miron Violett Glas; the glass allows only violet light and certain other types of spectral light (UV-A and infrared light) to enter, blocking the more damaging elements of light. These bowls will be sealed hermetically inside an orb/light fixture with a glass lens allowing light to enter and sight into the vault.
Many of our objects today have a “wild,” or indigenous, analog. It’s not a difference of the material thing; it’s more a difference of the spirit of the thing. Reciprocity with the land is nearly absent today. We use technologies today in which the raw materials necessary for producing goods come from far flung landscapes and places. Most of so-called modern society has no connection to the land or people where these resources originate. At one time human civilizations gave a little of themselves to the spirits in order to use some of what the earth provided. We have sacrificed our spirit as a result by not being dimensionally aware.
The data that we have collected is in no way conclusive to the Anthropocene, it is fragmentary, a spatial-temporal grab, or improvisation. Some data goes back two hundred years, or perhaps a thousand years, while other data is more recent or mysterious (writing rock), hypothetical, or simulated (“asteroid glass”). The data is also personal, reflecting our individual conscious attempts to tell a story about our interests and experiences on earth.
Transmissions.
The work of Sean Connaughty is a transmission from an unknown future, communicating an enduring ray of hope that drives us to understand the universal and powers our senses to survive and endure. The flood is happening now in our daily lives in the form of data. Long ago humans had a spatial-temporal experience of data, as though they were living inside technology and respecting its full magnitude. We no longer comprehend the transmissions because technology has evolved beyond our grasping. Some of this technology is grafted onto the ark. This is perhaps the new mode, a techno-primitive adaptation, as we cannot assume fixed environmental situations any longer. Grafting technologies onto simulations of nature.
The Ark.
Our current “livable” earth is the result of 4.5 billion years of evolution. The span on which we live is a sliver in time within this spectrum of time. To be a habitable place many variables are held sway by temporal patterns and cycles, planetary, ecological, geologic, oceanic, tectonic, etc. The Ark takes on some of these patterns internally and plugs into a larger environment. The internal and the external will affect its survivability. If we look at our own places and spaces we realize our living conditions have this same relationship, and often we feel separate from the larger earth processes happening, though they are impacting us each second we live. There is no way to “feel” how the earth orbits around the sun, but we can feel the wind on our cheeks. Somewhere in between, some of us witness the “bigger” events. The wind we felt one morning whisked along several hundred miles and became part of a larger system. The Ark pulls this feeling into itself. As it floats, it bobs and sways with the inertia of the waves, almost looking planet-like. But white, like a frozen over earth nearly three-quarters of a billion years ago. Only a hint of possibility can be viewed inside, through a glass lens, a biosphere.”
by Ryan Seibold, 2016
Ark Drawings 2014
The Wreck of the Ark of the Anthropocene
Above: photos from the “wreck of the Ark of the Anthropocene” September 2014, Duluth MN, USA. After 72 hours of floating successfully in the water the Ark encountered a problem as a result of an error in the positioning of the anchor beneath the ark which caused a small leak to form, ultimately causing the ark to sink. the Ark was retrieved from the waters and placed on the shore for display as part of the artist’s solo exhibition at the Duluth Art Institute.
The artist made the following statement at the time in a social media post in September 2014:
“So picture the scene: It’s 5 am. It’s still dark in the Duluth Harbor. A scuba diver arrives and begins to put on his gear. A crane is situated right next to the water, a small buoy is bobbing in the swelling waves. Another diver arrives. The two divers go down into the murky depths, bubbles trace their movements in the deep water as they search the depths for something. The strong current is causing the bubbles to drift quickly away, faint lights move about blurrily under the frigid water. The crane lowers its boom to the surface. It’s too dark to see what is happening. After a long anxious wait the crane begins to lift its boom, slowly a large white sphere emerges from the water. The crane operator has to adjust the crane on account of the massive weight of the water filled orb. Finally the crane lifts the sphere out of the water, a great gush of water is released from it’s hollow interior. The crane moves the orb to the sidewalk easily now that the load is a mere 6,000 lbs. It weighed 13,000 lbs when filled with water. The crane gently lowers the orb to its cradle on the sidewalk, where it now resides for passersby to visit, it is the wreck of the Ark of the Anthropocene and it will float again. Couldn't have done it without the love of my friends, the help of the community and the sharp thinking of Annie Dugan I spent some harrowing times trying to rescue it, swimming in that water made me very aware of my mortality. Divers and crane folk jumped into action There are worse things to experience but making it through that bit was hard. The concept remains sound it will float again hopefully in Lake Hiawatha. two of the solar panels bit the dust but the structure is undamaged, I can't believe the weights we were dealing with. The ark when filled with water and the anchor attached weighed 13,000 lbs. according to the crane operator. The pick points and armature that Joel Edward Sisson and I made, held up under more than four times the weight we anticipated. Wow! The culprit was a small hole in the steel ring/pickpoints, I had plugged them but always was uneasy and saw it as a potential weak point. the shackle carrying the ark knocked that little plug out of the hole, next time i fill it with a sawed off threaded bolt or some flexible plug and or epoxy it. The divers were amazing. They also said that the light was still on in the ark and there was air inside, i imagine the air escaped up to the point of that puncture hole and the rest remained trapped. I want to thank Viant Crane in Duluth for showing up on a moments notice. And diver Rudy Prouty who came and braved the dark deep and the other diver Andrew who assisted Rudy in the dive. The crane operator Jeremiah Olson was a real pro. And with quick thinking was able to manage the 13,000 lbs. of water-filled ark. Thanks to Ryan Murphy and Trudy Frederichs Ryan was on hand to help at 5am. And thanks especially to Annie Dugan who orchestrated the salvage operation. Thanks to the Coast Guard for the permissions and thanks to DECC who gave us permission to set the ark on their property. Thanks to Emily Larson, who helped expedite the process of permissions. Thanks to Melissa my partner who offered support and love and sweet words of wisdom. Thanks to Andy Citarella who spotted me as I tried to save the ark before it sunk. I now count him as a dear friend. Thanks to the Great Lakes Aquarium and director Jack Lavoy who got behind the project and offered technical support. Thanks to the folks at Marine General in Duluth, who advised me on buoys for marking the sunken ark. I was able to check on the ark and re-attach the solar panels (I removed them before the sinking) everything is physically intact. There is a lot of water on the ecosystem and as i said earlier, I found the hole that caused the leak. I carefully examined the surface and found no other evidence of damage, I'm not sure if the camera or the battery terminals were damaged. time will tell if the light is working. I am feeling much better now that the ark is safely out of the water. I wanted to hide for awhile, but I didn't and I am glad that I didn't. it was the first launch and since I wasn't able to test it in a body of water It is not surprising that there would be glitches. I only have one more crane trip in the budget, and that will be needed to get it back to Minneapolis. Since there is so much water inside I will probably need to do some restoration on the ecosystem. Though some things will survive. It is still green inside. blessed with my community of friends, family and supporters. The saga continues. Thank you!!!!”
by Sean P Connaughty 2014
Thank You!
A statement of gratitude from Sean P Connaughty 2014
“Music in the full length video is by Low and Comets Ov Cupid and is used with permission. Thank you!. The video is of the Ark before and after its eventual sinking and recovery, The ecosystem was devastated but some plants still survived and the structure of the ark was remarkably undamaged. in this video you can see the replanting after the sinking of the ark. video shot by Sheila Regan, Ryan Murphy and Sean Connaughty. The Ark of the Anthropocene is a human-scale biosphere float, it was launched in the harbor of Lake Superior in September 2014. It is constructed of steel reinforced gfrc concrete and contains a living ecosystem. The ark is equipped with lights powered by the sun and a camera that transmits a live feed of the ark’s interior.The ark is constructed so the bottom is the heaviest and the top the lightest. The orb entrance is located at the bottom of the ark. The Ark of the Anthropocene is designed for functionality and longevity. As in previous smaller biosphere floats I’ve made, the ark contains a sealed data capsule containing archived information and artifacts. Selections curated by Ryan Seibold. Objects were placed within violet glass containers and placed inside the hermetic data capsule. A careful selection of seeds, artifacts and biofacts are preserved within the ark. The purpose is to preserve useful data for the future. Many of the seeds are from Native American seed banks and include ancestral predecessors to our modern crops. The ark engenders the idea of deep time. The data includes genetic information in the form of seeds, hair samples, fur from different animals and also fossils from 500 million years ago. This project is community sourced. it was built with the labor and expertise of many volunteers, crafts people, scientists and experts in many different disciplines. I want to thank Joel Sisson for design assistance, welding and helping build the armature that withstood the immense pressures of lifting. Michael Boyd for making the beautiful piece of glass that serves as its window. Alec MacDougal who helped me with the concrete work. Ryan Seibold who curated the data that resides in its time/data capsule. Scott Puhl who helped me work out the electronics, Thanks to Allison Ruby who catalogued the plant species that were placed in the ark. Annie Dugan who helped in countless ways including working out the logistics of the rescue operation. Thanks to Duluth Art Institute, Weisman Art Museum for funding the ark. Rocket Crane who expertly and gently lifted and transported the ark, from Minneapolis to Duluth. Thanks to George Brown who navigated the boat during the install. Sheila Regan who offered help and is writing an extensive article for hyper allergic.com. the Duluth News Tribune who have been covering this event from its launch. Thanks to scuba divers Rudy Prouty and Andy from Innerspace Scuba, Thanks to the folks at DECC who hosted the ark on their property. And a big thanks to Andy Citarella and Jack LaVoy from the Great Lakes Aquarium who hosted the router and helped with the wifi signal for the camera. Andy Citarella spotted me while I swam out many times to the ark. And a big thanks to Viant Crane: Jim Briggs and Jeremiah Olson who showed up at a moments notice to rescue the ark from the depths when it suffered some damage and lost its air seal. Thanks to Rocket Crane and Spencer, Derek and Sean who have done the crane work in transporting the ark back and forth from Minneapolis to Duluth. Thanks to Peet Fetsch who did the design work for the promotional materials. Thanks to astrophysicist Larry Rudnick who offered help with the science and concepts behind this project. Thanks to Melissa Rudnick, Trudy Frederichs and Ryan Murphy who have been my support system through the ups and downs of this project. Thanks to my family. Thanks to David Gayman, Jenny Jenkins and Aaron Dysart. Thanks to the many people who made this happen by supporting my kickstarter campaign, https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/834966967/ark-of-the-anthropocene Thanks to the Minnesota State Arts Board who funded my prototyping in the years previous.Thanks to Sparkfun for helping with the electronics. Thanks to Kathleen Roberts and the Prove collective gallery, who helped host the ark in Duluth… The life of the ark will continue and it will find its rightful home in the waters in due time. THANK YOU!!!”
Sean P Connaughty 2014